An education system recognize inclusive the right of all children to be educated together and believes that education for all children is equally important. To achieve this communication system, inclusive education has a special role. That is why it is really necessary knowledge and its application with discernment and consistency on the following objectives:



-         understanding the role of communication in society and schools;
-         capturing the difficulties and pitfalls of intercultural communication;
-         identify the attitudes that blocks the interpersonal communication and intercultural communication;
-         active practice for understanding and listening attitude;
-         applying efficient educational communication techniques in general and especially interethnic;
-         creating a school environment (building, class) through which the message saying that everyone is valued, is transmitted;
-         put n value the individually progress by: providing a differentiated curriculum, intercultural and multicultural curriculum development, developing individual learning plans for students using teaching methods that encourage cooperative learning.

Inclusive education has emerged in response to the shortcomings of integrated education, which failed to prevent the marginalization of children, differed from the general “norm” of the school population.

Inclusive education is defined by the following features:
-         supports and confirms that all children can learn and need some form of support for learning
-         seeks to identify and to minimize barriers to learning
-         is wider then formal education, including : family education, community, other educational opportunities outside school
-         involves changing attitudes, behaviors, curriculum, satisfying the diversify of children
-         it is a dynamic process that continually develops, according to culture and context
-         it is part of the development strategy of an inclusive society.

So, in the current national context, the inclusive education becomes the type of education responsible of ensuring the right of education for all children, without any discrimination and most of all, ensuring a high quality education.

Achieving inclusive education is assuming:
-         the existence and application of inclusion principles: the principles of equal rights, the principal of nondiscrimination, the principle of equalization in education chances, the principle of centering on the child, the principle of early intervention, the principle of basic education for all children, the principle of ensuring support services, the principle of cooperation and partnership.
-         putting in application of an inclusive education, an education of diversity, which mainly contains the attributes of being: a pedocentrist, progressionist, personalized, optimistic, social, an education of love.
-         creating an inclusive curriculum, which to define itself through flexibility and diversity: a curriculum adapted to the child’s needs, the diversity of the learning situations and support materials; diversified education methodology, interactive, appropriate to the different styles and types of learning, diversity in evaluation: forms, methods, instruments.
-         creating and ensuring the functionality of a support service system in all of the education levels: psycho pedagogical, social assistance, medical assistance, learning support (support teacher).

How well you can nonverbal communicate?

One of the business communication methods is one that includes the nonverbal communication. For example, when you meet someone, first contact is essential, and this first contact does not occur long speeches, but it occurs through body language (nonverbal communication).

So, here are the basic principles of body language that will allow you to make your good impression to your dialogist, showing up as an open person, smiling and attentive.



Eye contact

Get used to look the image of the dialogist even since the moment you are in front of him. Eye contact is “translated” through focus in the discussion. This allows you also to see and to respond to your interlocutor feedback. For example, to smile in response to his smiles. However, note that too pronounced eye contact or too long, can be uncomfortable or it could be interpreted as an act of seduction... The ideal eye contact length is estimated between two or three seconds.

If you find it is hard to establish visual contact, start by fixing for a second the pupils or the back of the nose of your interlocutor and smile. Then walk your eyes around his eyes, nose, and his forehead. Return your look on his pupils and then smile. But make sure is just an innocent and little smile, because we do not want him to believe he has something on his face or to think that we find something funny at his face.

The smile.

Automatically smile when you meet someone. This should be a reflex! You would like to talk to someone who seems to com from a funeral? I guess not.  Shortly, just smile whether you are depressed, tired or sad, just smile! This does not mean that you should display throughout the whole discussion an idiot smile; every time you meet someone and you want to send a signal to have the meaning “I am excited to see you and I am open to communicate with you”, smile. It is a very easy rule to apple and it will improve your contact with others people, quickly.

The posture.

At a meeting, do not sink into your seat, sit up straight and right in any circumstance. The next tip is to have an open attitude, do not stand with arms crossed! During the conversation, lean slightly toward your interlocutor, watch him and focus on what he has to say. However, if you are alone with this person in the meeting, do not get to close because this thing might be an inconvenience. On the street, walk straight and watch carefully before moving up strongly. Have you ever seen people walking on the street with their look on the ground and like they are just dragging their feet? What impression did they do?

Watch your image.

You must always dress standards. Adopt an outfit that makes you feel comfortable. Be carefully though that it must be appropriate to the circumstances. Look at those who manage this thing and take them for example.

Family relationship: the conflict between generations – communication between parents and teenagers

The conflict between generations has always existed but it seems like it never reached so highly rates like it does now. It may be society’s fault? Or maybe both parents and teenager’s concepts? Certainly we are witnessing at a rupture between generations that affects family relationships. We hear about cases in which the teenagers, because of the communication lack with their families, use unexplained gestures. Is this a hopeless situation?



Conflict between generations, a problem that will always exist

Drugs, prostitution, abortion, delinquency, school drop, etc, are natural results of the society where we live. All over mass media occur information about these cruel realities of life, and apparently the hardest thing is to be a parent. Feeling of fear, anxiety floods you should and you try to do anything possible to protect your child. We do not know exactly how aware are the teens of the danger that is lurking them, but parents, seeing all this becomes very protective and very strict with their children. The temptation is great, so is freedom and so the teens are getting confused, without any landmarks, they easily fall into environment traps. The conflict between generations is the result of different opinions and concepts. Some believe that it wells from the experience of the parents in opposite with the lack of experience of adolescents. Is it just that? Could these differences of opinion be based on the lack of family communication and the distrust in their own children?

Is there any solution to these problems? Solutions always exist, the whole thing is to want to find them and then apply them. In this case the solution found, needs to be accepted by both sides, parents and teenagers; both parts needs to give a little to their belief; parents needs to be more tolerant and lenient and on the other side, teenagers needs to be more cooperative and aware that their parents care about them and that they are wishing only good things for them. We all seek to improve family communication and avoid any kind of conflicts.

How to approach your child and make him understand that all that is around him is not just “crack” but also dangerous? – the parents are asking. It is not so tough. Step into their world, become interested of his activities, feelings, occupations, thoughts, encourage him and make him trust in his own powers. So you will manage to gain his trust and be able to guide him from the shadows towards good things.

How to become friends with your parents? By gaining their trust! Prove them you are a grown up and responsible and that you know what you are doing. This thing involves time and effort, and trust once gained must be maintained. This is one of the mined fields of the teenagers who rather than telling the truth to their parents, they are trying to come out with all kind of lies which sooner or later will come out.

The conflict between generations exists! It is triggered between teenagers who want to take it on the wrong roads and the parents who intervene in order to show them the right path. The punishment does not bring respect and not even a good family communication, which is why it is needed the maturity, the tact and experience of the adult in order to considerably diminish situations like this.

The messages which are circulating on regulated, preset channels, of an organization are creating the formal communication. The content of the communication is related to the organization's activity, to the work and to anything which is related to those. The formal communication can consist in verbal messages, nonverbal messages, written, under the shape of letters, telephone messages, radio messages, printed, internal notes. Even some gestures can consist in formal communication. The messages are transmitted by the authorized ones: on official channels, these arrive to the ones who need to react, to people or machines which need to know the content of these messages.



Usually, all formal communications are recorded and kept in the organization's evidence. Are retained copies of these by the transmitter, by the receiver, by all of the desks from the organization which need to know and keep the information. Examples of formal communications are given by work commands, reports and financial evidence, reports over sells / inventory, statements referring to the company's policies, post descriptions, etc.

The formal communication can sometimes take place on the horizontal, along the parallel directions of authority. The formal communication network from an organization along with the keeping spaces of these communications, are serving to more purposes. It defines the channel on which will be sent important messages. It will be created a transmitting plan of this information, both for the transmitter and for the receivers. It will be indicated the direction towards the persons who will react and to the persons who need to be informed about these actions, their steps and result. It offers an information storage space which will be necessary on planning the operations and control. It is created an ordered system for the superiors and subordinates, in order to keep each other informed constantly.

The formal communication network is formed out of formal channels, created by setting a formal system of responsibilities according to the hierarchical structure of the organization. The perfect network is the one which contains communication channel from bottom up, downwards and horizontally. Often the direction of horizontal communication is missing or it is inefficient and in this way the accuracy of the information decreases. The situation is appearing because of the lack of permanent circulation of the information between departments, although this is vital for the organization in conditions of existent competition, or the lack of specialists in organizational communication.

The downwards communications, from top to bottom, is performed by the manager to the subordinates. There are transmitted provisions and instructions, are identified the employees responsibilities. In an efficient organization, this type of communication has its purpose in motivating the employees, their continuous information about policy, goals and organization strategy. The periodicity is important because it ensures the constant communication. Sometimes this type of communication is gaining a preferred tempt, moving only towards the employees, considered as having priority responsibilities. It can have place even when only the manager is transmitting orders and instructions to the employees, without being too preoccupied about their information.

If the organization is in changing, the downwards communication must be used to change opinions, attitudes, to waste restrictions and fear towards misinformation in order to support the employees to comply with these changes. This type of communication requires a feedback. That is why it is completed with bottom up communication, from the employees to the manager. These, as they understand the downwards communication, can communicate their answers. The manager must pay attention to the information he receives, thanks to the employees tendency to say only good stuff to the boss: it may appear the deliberate misinformation.

"It's clear, we're not understanding anymore, do you understand?"

In a strict meaning, the communication skills are those skills you need in order to use the talked or written language through signs or other ways in order to interact with others. Communication disorders are problems which are referring to developing communication skills.



Describing the communication skills.

The language uses key words, gestures or sounds in order to represent objects or ideas. At the beginning, the children gain the ability to receive communication, meaning the ability to listen and understand what they are hearing. In a next stage they will start experiencing and to express themselves through words or gestures. Talking will begin through repetitive syllables followed then by phrases and sentences. Later, the children will gain skills over the written part of the communication.



There are very wide limits referring to the beginning of the communications on kids, that is why the parents should pay attention to the deviation from average.

The problems related to the talking language is referring to more aspects, including a late acquisition of an own language or a particular type of disability in the talked language. Generally you can make a distinction between a slow gaining of the talked language and language disorders.

Language disorders include to stammer, replacing a sound with another, forgetting a sound or distorting a sound. Also it can be talked about the voice disorders (which can refer to the tone, volume or quality of the voice).

The causes may be related with the hearing, muscular affections, viral affections, mental retardation, drog abuse or palace affections.

One of the base things a child will learn in his first years of life and which will use forever is developing a language and communication skills. Far from what a child is learning in the first months of life, imitating everyone around, he needs different incentives in order to understand and react better through communication.

At the kindergarten, the children are not only learning objects and actions name, but also conversation ways, how to wait their turn in speaking, a few about the sentence structure, about expressions and humor.

For developing these skills, it is important that the little ones to take part, besides the games with other children, to some one on one communication. That is why, it is great that the kindergarten has smaller groups, so that the teacher will have the possibility to handle all of them.

Talk to your child about what he did at the kindergarten to encourage the language and conversation.

The child will discover the joy in reliving experiences from the previous days through their simple stories. Help him remind the games and the beautiful things he is learning every day and you will see that the benefits aren't only coming on the communication part, the child will have an easier way to memorize things as long as he repeats them.



You must be careful to the addressing mode also. Certainly the child will prefer not to be asked straight: "What did you do today at the kindergarten?". Make it all come from itself: start from the things he did at the kindergarten (for example, a drawing he brings home), start asking him questions about the way he drawn, which pencils did he use, which drawings of his colleagues did he love most etc.

If the teacher gave him songs or poems written on papers, try to repeat them together. In this way, all you are doing is helping him in developing the language and the communication skills.

We all communicate. Then, why not to try to communicate effectively? There are several advantages if you know how to communicate effectively.

- improves your well being and your mood
- you decrease conflict and stress
- improves the social support
- you can reduce hostility
- you can also reduce the possibility to get sick.



Maybe you have others reasons beside these, but it does not matter, what really matters is the importance of effective communication skills. With a little practice you can learn to say what you feel, what you think, and what you want, clear and comfortable. You can learn to say effectively what you like and what you do not, to accept graciously the compliments that you receive, to face criticism, to say no, - all those without inducing  extra stress to your mind and body. And because you will communicate more directly, other people will be willing to “meet” your needs.



There are some simple ways that to improve your communication and one of them is to learn to listen. Perhaps it goes without saying but a good listening is more than just to sit quietly, smile and hear the words of someone. It is a process that requires active participation, openness and receptivity.

1. Ask question for clarification. Behavioral decisions you take in a relationship with someone, are dependent on the information that you have. Ask a question in a friendly way when something is not clear. When you ask questions, you demonstrate your concern and interest. You can ask questions like: “Can you tell me more about this, please?” or “Can you give me an example?” or just say “I do not understand, explain please”.

Some people feel like they are attacked when someone is asking them questions. So, do this gently and supportive. Be careful especially with the question “Why”. For example: “Why are you talking like this?” use instead “Are you mad on something about me?”; or instead of “Why you did not call?” you rather use “You had to much work to do?”

2. Repeat what you heard. From the perspective of the one who is communicating, it is clearly when he does, but from the listener perspective, maybe it is not that obvious because listening is an internal process of the one who listens and then it is needed to “come to life”. Interlocutor’s words are the most vivid proof that someone is listened. If you do not pay attention when someone talks to you, you can not hear the words for real and then you can not reproduce them.

3. Find significance.

Repeating interlocutor’s words it does not always mean that we paid attention to his significance of the communication. Asking the right question you will be able to understand everything.



4. Ask about feelings.

Let your interlocutor to know that you heard about the emotional content of his communication. Listen between the lines. What does he feel but he does not say? You can be empathetic if you wonder yourself : “hmm, what can you feel from this experience?”

The body language (nonverbal communication) can give you many clues: posture, facial expression and gestures, they all emphasize emotions and then you can ask the person directly: “I see your tense, how do you feel?”

Any reason we might have for which communication seems more difficult to us, this should be an sign that there is a skill that can be learned.

Any communication plan must ask the fundamental question “What was the purpose of this organization?”, “What goals it is following?” or “Which are the key – objectives?”. These questions are the basis when you are developing a business plan.

Meanwhile you have to wonder about how much the public knows about your company  and what is their opinion regarding to it.



To achieve an objective point of view in this problem, field research will be needed – most of the times are enough the fast questionnaires on the field or through telephone applied on a representative sample of subjects. In this way you can find out how your company is quoted in people’s minds.



Your goal. How you want to be rated your organization over a certain time – for example one year, three years or maybe to the end of a campaign. Do you want to make yourself known by many people and if so, why is that? Do you have the capacity to handle more clients, customers or visitors?

Audience. Which sectors of the community you go for? For example you go to the local opinion leaders such as parliamentarians, local newspaper publisher or those responsible of the fate of the elderly people. “All the people” or “General public” are too vague expressions. The more specific audience target, the more successful you get. To choose your audience does not mean to exclude everyone but to know better a small group of people.

The message. Try to be as clear about the message you want to transmit. The key – messages are usually simple and rarely involve statements about company policies. You should ask “what reasons would have the audience to appeal to us? The answer should be “because we are the best”, but “why are we good?”, “Because people can trust us”- both are key – messages. It is not always needed to communicate with key messages because it can be incorporated into design of the promotional materials.

The methods. The way you can impress the audience depends on the information you have about it. Think beyond media relations. If your speech is the most appropriate one, then use it. (conferences, meetings, visits, all can be part of your plan). Your methods should always be based on your  information about the target audience.



Budget. How much all this will cost? In an ideal world, your budget will cover all the costs needed to your implement strategy. In reality, you must limit your options. You will not be able to apply everything you thought you would so, use your resources on the most effective methods.

Evaluation. Surely this step will give you headaches, but there is no other way to verify if your efforts were successful. Always save time for this operation. Doing this regularly, you can know when things are not as you want. It is a very good system of prevention which allows you to change your strategy rather than to give your head against the wall.

Remember that the best strategy is the one which is flexible and can change in time.

Here are 10 tips to improve the communication with your child.



Most people read and study more for an exam like to take the driving license, than they do for becoming a parent. Reading and finding out more about the subject of “communication with your child”, will may help you become a better parent for your child. A well informed parent is more prepared to offer his child’s start to succeed in life. Communication between people is a very important subject, so children can benefit greatly if their parents are communicative. Expressing the feelings is essential in relationships, especially in the parent-child relationship. If you do not have children yet, these 10 tips can help you if you live near them.

1. Encourage your child to tell you everything he has on his soul and everything he has on his mind. You will succeed if the discussion start is one of his favorite domains: favorite food, toys, movies, cartoons, video games, sport, etc.


2. Be reasonable with your child. Parents often make the mistake of educating their children when they express their feelings. For example, the child says “I hate my nose” and the father responds “But you have a perfect nose”, in this way, the child is left alone with his problem, which it might become worse over time.


3. Teach your child to be patient and to not interrupt your conversation. A simple technique is to teach your child to touch your hand or your shoulder when they have something to say and wait until you finish the conversation started with another person. Usually the children who interrupt their parents during a discussion, lose the chance to learn about self-control and they will become spoiled because they are used to be answered immediately and therefore they will find it very natural to interrupt anyone, anytime.


4. When you have a conversation with your child, get to their level of height because in this way, the conversation will be more fluent because it is an equal level between you two (a higher one may lead to resistance sometimes).


5. Play with your child whenever you have the opportunity. For example, hide a penny in your hand and ask him to guess in which hand is hidden. These games may seem insignificant, but in communicating with your child, even the small details matters.


6. Play with your child’s toys too because play is the children’s language. If you do this, you will create a strong bond and he will begin to trust you.


7. Invent or read small stories to your child. This will help your child to establish a strong link for learning life’s lessons.


8. Keep the promises you make to your child. Children are often fooled by some promises which are not true. Ironically, adults treat the promises made to children more lightly than the promises they made to other persons.


9. “Sacrifice” your time to interact with your children and focus 100% on them – most parents do not bother to interact with children and this can lead to serious consequences in the future.


10. Develop your child’s imagination by asking questions like : “How do you think we could make the dog’s cage?” rather than to give them immediately the correct answer. Through these questions, the child has the opportunity to find solution and this will help him very much in the future.

How to use nonverbal communication to an interview

When you go to a job interview, you might think that if you are a candidate with the best answers to the recruiter’s questions, you will get the job. In reality, this is not a typical case.

There are studies which say that over 50% of the force of each answer, is given by the body language, while the verbal content means approximately 10%; the rest is represented by paralanguage and intonation. Thus, nonverbal communication is proving to be even more important than verbal communication.

The way that an employer evaluate, begins from the moment you enter the door to the end of the interview. If your nonverbal communication skills are not up to a minimum standard, the answers that you give can almost not even matter.



Nonverbal communication matters

If you go to a job interview with a cigarette in the corner of your lips or chewing gum, you will get few points less since the beginning. The same thing will happen if you are not dresses properly or you are wearing too much perfume.



What is important to your outfit when you have an interview?

You must always present yourself as a professional and to pay special attention to the entire process of interviewing. Clothing should be adapted to the job for which you provide.

What do you need to bring with you on a job interview?

-         a portfolio and / or a copy or your CV
-         a pen and agenda
-         mint candy – for the time when you will enter the building
-         for women: an extra pair of stockings (kept in your purse or in the car), this is a backup for unexpected “accidents”.

Things you can not bring:

-         open phone or if you want you can use the “Silent” profile.
-         Gum
-         Cigarettes
-         Coffee
-         Dirty shoes or any other clothing article which is not clean

While you are waiting to enter the employer’s office.

The way you sit, the way you say “hello” to the secretary or to the interviewer, even how you just wait, all this have impact on the impression that you leave. Be friendly and pleasant, but do not exaggerate. If you must wait do it quietly (no phones) and be patient. Shakes hands with the interviewer – firm, not aggressive or too soft.



Nonverbal communication during the interview

-         look in employer’s eyes for few seconds at a certain period of time
-         smile or nod as a sign of approval (when appropriate) when the interviewer speaks, but do not exaggerate. Do not laugh, unless the employer laughs. Be polite and keep a neutral tone in discussion
-         do not stand for nothing
-         do not sit on the back of the chair, because you will look too relaxed
-         keep your feet on the floor and the back straight when you sit
-         pay attention
-         do not interrupt the interlocutor
-         stay calm even if you had an unpleasant experience in a previous interview, keep your emotions and do not look aggressive towards the employer
-         if you are not sure what to do with your hands, you can keep a pen or your own agenda but do not gesticulate much when you talk about your points of view.

Verbal communication is also important. Remember the manners and do not forget to thank the interviewer for his time. Do not use a too common language with abbreviations and colloquial expressions. Speak clearly and resolutely.

Did you know that almost 90 percent of our communication contains nonverbal elements? If so, I am sure you wonder why the spoken language was invented as long as we use more the nonverbal communication, whether it is about business life or everyday life.



How does nonverbal communication help us? Body language helps us to make a good first impression during a job interview, to run our business successfully , to keep a successful presentation through the captivation of the audience’s attention using nonverbal messages, etc. How? Maybe because we have nonverbally emanated exactly that self-confidence that the potential business partners were searching on us; but the body signal that we can send, can be multiple. You know for sure that body language is the reason for what a face to face selling is more advantageous than selling something through telephone, where we use only 40% of the full communication potential that we have.



Whenever we communicate with others, we react to what is said, heard or to what is seen, but in fact, beside these, there is something else which is important, something that does not have our attention: the language of our body which can communicate as much as 1000 words can.

Along to the well-known aspects of the nonverbal language, I noted few extra below.

The language of silence

Knowing when to shut up should be a human quality, valued from ancient times. Even through silence, people communicate something: approval, disapproval, discretion, reason, keep a mystery, admiration, etc.

A manager appeals to silence as a means of nonverbal communication because:

- disapprove certain views and does not want to argue;
- he thinks that there are some facts, situations, on which is better to let silence fall;
- he does not want to disclose a secret service, a mystery;
- he does not want to harm anyone;
- he appreciate that time can solve a delicate situation;
- he thinks that if he will speak, he will have enemies.

On the other hand, using carefully the silence on key moments (in other words preparing us for listening) we can encourage the speaker to continue or to express his feelings and attitudes that, undoubtedly, he would not have otherwise. Silence is, thus, a powerful tool of communication but it has to be used with skill.

The language of colors

Colors influence the communication. It highlights human attitude towards life and towards others. The color of the clothes used by the manager is telling us few things about him.



Colors and their significance:
Red – sentimental man
Pink – he likes to love, to be loved and to take care of others
Orange – he is good organized and determined to realize the plan that he has
Yellow – he wants to discuss
Green – he likes the change
Blue – he is inventive
Navy – he likes to be the boss and to give orders
Black – he knows what he has to do

The significance of the colors may be different in other cultures. For example: while the black is the color of sorrow in Europe, in China and Japan, white means sadness.

Warm colors (red, yellow, orange) favors communication and the cold ones (gray, green, blue) inhibits the communication. Communication is taking place hardly in case of monotony or a variety of colors.

Finally, everyone is adapting their nonverbal language to his lifestyle.